🚨 Cape Edgecumbe to Cape Spencer out to 15 NM; Cape Edgecumbe to Cape Spencer from 15 to 80 NM; Cape Spencer to Cape Fairweather from 15 to 85 NM: Small Craft Advisory issued October 7 at 9:35AM AKDT until October 7 at 10:00AM AKDT by NWS Juneau AK 🚨 Dixon Entrance to Cape Decision from 15 to 90 NM; Cape Decision to Cape Edgecumbe from 15 to 80 NM: Small Craft Advisory issued October 7 at 9:35AM AKDT until October 7 at 1:00PM AKDT by NWS Juneau AK 🚨 Dixon Entrance to Cape Decision out to 15 NM; Cape Decision to Cape Edgecumbe out to 15 NM: Small Craft Advisory issued October 7 at 9:35AM AKDT until October 7 at 1:00PM AKDT by NWS Juneau AK 🚨 Montgomery: None 🚨 Volusia-Brevard County Line to Sebastian Inlet 0-20 nm; Sebastian Inlet to Jupiter Inlet 0-20 nm; Volusia-Brevard County Line to Sebastian Inlet 20-60 nm: Marine Weather Statement issued October 7 at 1:25PM EDT by NWS Melbourne FL 🚨 The Islands to Vermilion OH; Vermilion to Avon Point OH: Small Craft Advisory issued October 7 at 12:59PM EDT until October 7 at 10:00PM EDT by NWS Cleveland OH 🚨 Avon Point to Willowick OH; Willowick to Geneva-on-the Lake OH; Geneva-on-the-Lake to Conneaut OH; Conneaut OH to Ripley NY: Small Craft Advisory issued October 7 at 12:59PM EDT until October 8 at 12:00PM EDT by NWS Cleveland OH 🚨 Maricopa, AZ: Air Quality Alert issued October 7 at 9:56AM MST by NWS Phoenix AZ 🚨 Coastal Colleton; Charleston: Coastal Flood Advisory issued October 7 at 12:54PM EDT until October 7 at 8:00PM EDT by NWS Charleston SC 🚨 Coastal Bryan; Coastal Chatham; Coastal Liberty; Coastal McIntosh: Rip Current Statement issued October 7 at 12:54PM EDT until October 7 at 8:00PM EDT by NWS Charleston SC
Active Tropical Systems & Formation Outlook
A whole-basin summary of all active tropical cyclones and the NHC
Tropical Weather Outlook, generated with the
tropycal
package. Select a storm below for its official forecast and model guidance.
ZCZC MIATCDAT4 ALL
TTAA00 KNHC DDHHMM
Tropical Storm Isaias Discussion Number 4
NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL AL092026
1000 AM CDT Wed Oct 07 2026
Isaias has gotten better organized during the past several hours
with a large area of deep convection near and northeast of the
center. Recent Air Force Hurricane Hunter data indicate that the
center is re-forming a bit to the north of the previous advisory
nearer to the mid-level center, with an estimated pressure of
1000 mb derived from dropsonde data. The initial wind speed is set
to 40 kt in consideration of increase in satellite organization and
the 4-mb dropsonde pressure fall, close to the UW-CIMSS SATCON
values and many of the other objective estimates.
The storm is moving east-northeast at 7 kt. The motion should
gradually bend northward and increase during the next few
days as a trough along the northwestern Gulf coast amplifies and the
subtropical ridge east of Florida builds westward. This pattern
should cause a fast-moving Isaias to approach the northern Gulf
coast by Friday afternoon. Model guidance continues to be
somewhat split, with the AI-based models generally on the right
side of the model envelope, and the physics based models on the
left side. The new NHC forecast is nudged a bit eastward, but
isn't as far east as the latest HFIP Corrected Consensus Approach
(HCCA) or Google DeepMind ensemble mean (GDMI). It is worth noting
that many of the stronger solutions tend to be on the eastern half
of the guidance and faster, which necessitates a variety of watches
at this time.
With the center re-formation, the low- and mid-level centers appear
to be coming into better alignment. This structural change could
facilitate rapid intensification during the next day or two given
light-to-moderate shear along the forecast track, near-record SSTs
for this time of the year and a very moist environment. Near
landfall, increasing shear could cause some weakening, but it isn't
certain how fast the winds will diminish. Regardless, Isaias
should be growing in size as it approaches the northern Gulf coast
due to a trough interaction. The latest guidance is very close to
the last NHC intensity forecast, so little changes were made, and
the NHC prediction is just below the corrected-consensus HCCA.
Key Messages:
1. Isaias is expected to strengthen into a strong hurricane before
approaching the northern Gulf Coast on Friday. There is an
increasing risk of life-threatening storm surge along portions of
the northern Gulf coast, and a Storm Surge Watch has been issued
from The Mouth of the Mississippi River to Yankeetown Florida.
Residents in the watch area should follow advice given by local
officials and evacuate if told to do so.
2. The risk of damaging hurricane force-winds is increasing over
portions of the Florida Panhandle, southern Alabama, and
Mississippi. A Hurricane Watch has been issued from Bay St. Louis,
Mississippi, to Indian Pass, Florida. Residents in these areas
should prepare for the possibility of long-duration power outages.
3. Isaias will bring areas of heavy rainfall to the central U.S.
Gulf coast and much of the Southeast Friday into the weekend. Flash
and urban flooding, along with isolated river flooding, will be
possible.
4. Isaias could bring gusty winds and areas of heavy rain to the
western portion of the Yucatan Peninsula over the next day or so.
FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS
INIT 07/1500Z 22.4N 93.6W 40 KT 45 MPH
12H 08/0000Z 22.7N 92.4W 50 KT 60 MPH
24H 08/1200Z 23.4N 90.8W 65 KT 75 MPH
36H 09/0000Z 24.6N 89.2W 80 KT 90 MPH
48H 09/1200Z 26.6N 88.1W 95 KT 110 MPH
60H 10/0000Z 29.2N 87.5W 90 KT 105 MPH
72H 10/1200Z 32.2N 87.6W 45 KT 50 MPH...INLAND
96H 11/1200Z 38.0N 87.5W 20 KT 25 MPH...POST-TROP/INLAND
120H 12/1200Z...DISSIPATED
$$
Forecaster Blake
NNNN
ZCZC MIATCDEP3 ALL
TTAA00 KNHC DDHHMM
Hurricane Rachel Discussion Number 42
NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL EP182026
800 AM PDT Wed Oct 07 2026
Recent satellite imagery shows that Rachel's deep convection has
waned over the last couple of hours, however this could be due to
the convective daily minimum. If this is the case, then there is a
good chance for deep convection to return later. The northern side
of the cyclone still shows the impact of easterly shear and dry air
intrusions. The eye of the hurricane is still well defined based
on the proxy-visible satellite imagery. Looking at a combination of
the objective and subjective intensity estimates, the initial
intensity for this advisory is being held at 70 kt.
The initial motion for the cyclone is west-northwestward, or 285/6
kt. As of now, Rachel is being steered by high pressure located
over the western United States. However, toward the end of the
week, a large mid- to upper-level trough is expected to approach
from the northwest. This will cause Rachel to slow down and
then turn and accelerate toward Baja California and southern
California, and the updated NHC forecast track shows Rachel as
a post-tropical cyclone at 96 h very near the coast. The current NHC
forecast provides a 120-h track point for forecast continuity,
however it is likely that the cyclone could dissipate sooner once it
moves over land. The rest of the forecast is similar to the previous
track with minor adjustments made based on the latest HCCA and GDMI
forecast aids, except for the track point at 120 h.
The hurricane is expected to gradually weaken as it moves into an
unfavorable environment of cooler sea-surface temperatures and
limited moisture. Given how resilient Rachel has been to the
environment, the current intensity trend is on the upper end of the
guidance envelope. There is still a higher-than-normal amount of
uncertainty to the intensity for the latter portion of the forecast.
The trough should induce plenty of wind shear, and the simulated
satellite guidance does show that the cyclone loses convection for a
brief time before it comes back again. The current NHC forecast does
show a post-tropical cyclone at 96 h, however, it is possible that
it could still have tropical-storm-force winds at that point. In
general, the current NHC intensity forecast is very similar to the
previous one with a few changes past 60 h, based on the HCCA and
GDMI forecast aids.
FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS
INIT 07/1500Z 20.9N 121.8W 70 KT 80 MPH
12H 08/0000Z 21.3N 122.6W 65 KT 75 MPH
24H 08/1200Z 21.9N 123.8W 60 KT 70 MPH
36H 09/0000Z 22.3N 124.8W 55 KT 65 MPH
48H 09/1200Z 22.7N 124.9W 50 KT 60 MPH
60H 10/0000Z 23.5N 123.7W 45 KT 50 MPH
72H 10/1200Z 25.2N 121.5W 40 KT 45 MPH
96H 11/1200Z 31.0N 116.8W 40 KT 45 MPH...POST-TROPICAL
120H 12/1200Z 37.9N 114.1W 25 KT 30 MPH...POST-TROP/INLAND
$$
Forecaster Katz/Berg
NNNN
ZCZC MIATCDEP5 ALL
TTAA00 KNHC DDHHMM
Tropical Depression Twenty-E Discussion Number 1
NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL EP202026
900 AM CST Wed Oct 07 2026
Visible satellite imagery indicates that the disturbance south of
Mexico has continued to become better organized. Curved convective
bands are evolving over the northern and western quadrants of the
system. The low-level circulation, although a bit elongated from
southwest to northeast, is significantly well-defined to designate
the formation of a tropical cyclone. The advisory intensity is set
at 30 kt in accordance with a Dvorak estimate of T2.0 from TAFB.
The initial motion is a somewhat uncertain 300/7 kt. The cyclone
is expected to continue on a generally west-northwestward track
for the next couple of days, along the southern side of a weak
mid-level ridge. In 48 hours, the system is likely to turn toward
the northwest in response to a 500 mb trough approaching the Baja
California peninsula. Thereafter, the cyclone should move
generally northward on the southeastern side of the trough. The
official track forecast is on the right side of the guidance
envelope.
Since the cyclone will be in an environment of low vertical wind
shear, abundant low- to mid-level moisture, and very warm sea
surface temperatures, steady strengthening is forecast this week.
The system is likely to become a hurricane in 48 hours or so. The
official forecast is close to the intensity model consensus.
Interests along the southwestern coast of Mexico should closely
monitor the progress of this system.
FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS
INIT 07/1500Z 14.1N 100.9W 30 KT 35 MPH
12H 08/0000Z 14.6N 102.0W 35 KT 40 MPH
24H 08/1200Z 15.0N 103.3W 45 KT 50 MPH
36H 09/0000Z 15.3N 104.3W 55 KT 65 MPH
48H 09/1200Z 15.8N 104.9W 65 KT 75 MPH
60H 10/0000Z 16.4N 105.2W 75 KT 85 MPH
72H 10/1200Z 17.2N 105.2W 90 KT 105 MPH
96H 11/1200Z 19.7N 105.4W 95 KT 110 MPH
120H 12/1200Z 22.0N 106.5W 85 KT 100 MPH
$$
Forecaster Pasch
NNNN
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN31 PGTW 071500
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TYPHOON 15E (NOLO) WARNING NR 068//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 25.8N 160.3E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 65 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 1770 NM WEST-NORTHWEST OF JOHNSTON ISLAND
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: WESTWARD AT 15 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 33 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED ENHANCED INFRARED (EIR) SATELLITE IMAGERY DEPICTS
SIGNIFICANT DEGRADATION OF THE CENTRAL DENSE OVERCAST (CDO), WHICH
NOW LACKS DISCERNIBLE SPIRAL BANDING. A SHARP EASTERN EDGE TO THE
CIRRUS CANOPY IS CONSISTENT WITH 25-35 KTS OF EASTERLY VERTICAL
WIND SHEAR (VWS) ASSOCIATED WITH A STRONG UPPER-LEVEL RIDGE
CENTERED TO THE NORTH. DESPITE MARGINALLY FAVORABLE SEA SURFACE
TEMPERATURES (SST) OF 27-28 DEGREES CELSIUS, THE ENVIRONMENT IS
UNFAVORABLE. A 070815Z SSMIS PASS REVEALED MODEST VORTEX TILT WITH
HEIGHT. A 070933Z ASCAT-B PASS INDICATED THAT THE WIND FIELD HAS
CONTRACTED AND BECOME ASYMMETRIC, WITH THE HIGHEST WINDS CONFINED
TO THE EASTERN SEMICIRCLE. THE INITIAL POSITION IS PLACED WITH
MEDIUM CONFIDENCE BASED ON EXTRAPOLATED ASCAT-B DATA, HEDGED
WESTWARD OF THE OVERSHOOTING CLOUD TOPS. THE INITIAL INTENSITY HAS
BEEN LOWERED TO 65 KTS WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE, CONSISTENT WITH THE
MAJORITY OF THE OBJECTIVE ESTIMATES FROM CIMSS AND THE T4.0 DVORAK
FIXES FROM PGTW AND RCTP.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: SCATTEROMETER DATA
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: SOUTHERN PERIPHERY OF A DEEP-LAYER
SUBTROPICAL RIDGE (STR)
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T4.0 - 65 KTS
RJTD: T4.5 - 77 KTS
RCTP: T4.0 - 65 KTS
PHFO: T4.5 - 77 KTS
CIMSS SATCON: 66 KTS AT 070940Z
CIMSS ADT: 57 KTS AT 071140Z
CIMSS AIDT: 68 KTS AT 071140Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 70 KTS AT 071149Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 68 KTS AT 071140Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: UNFAVORABLE
VWS: 25-30 KTS
SST: 27-28 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: MODERATE WESTWARD
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: MEDIUM
INITIAL INTENSITY: MEDIUM
INITIAL WIND RADII: HIGH
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THERE ARE NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO
THE FORECAST FROM THE PREVIOUS WARNING.
FORECAST DISCUSSION: TYPHOON (TY) 15E HAS BEEN MOVING NEARLY DUE
WEST OVER THE PAST 12 HOURS ALONG THE SOUTHERN FLANK OF A
DEEP-LAYER STR CENTERED TO THE NORTHEAST. THE SYSTEM WILL GRADUALLY
TURN POLEWARD AND DECELERATE THROUGH TAU 24 AS IT APPROACHES A WEAK
WESTERN EXTENSION OF THE STR. A TROUGH PASSING TO THE NORTH WILL
ERODE THE STR, ALLOWING TY 15E TO TURN SHARPLY POLEWARD, CROSS THE
RIDGE AXIS NEAR TAU 60, AND ACCELERATE EAST-NORTHEASTWARD MOTION AS
IT ENCOUNTERS DEEP-LAYER MID-LATITUDE WESTERLY FLOW. VWS WILL EASE
TO 15-20 KTS OVER THE NEXT 12 HOURS, WHICH WILL SLOW THE RATE OF
WEAKENING. THE FORECAST CALLS FOR TY 15E TO BOTTOM OUT AT 60 KTS AT
TAU 12 AND TAU 24, THEN BRIEFLY REINTENSIFY WHEN IT TURNS NORTHWARD
AND TAPS INTO A POLEWARD OUTFLOW CHANNEL CONNECTED TO A JET STREAM
TO THE NORTH. THEREAFTER, STEADY WEAKENING WILL COMMENCE AS SHEAR
INCREASES, THE SST FALLS BELOW 26 DEGREES CELSIUS, AND THE VORTEX
MOVES BENEATH THE JET STREAM. INCREASING BAROCLINICITY TOWARD THE
END OF THE FORECAST WILL LEAD TO EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION, WHICH
WILL COMPLETE BY TAU 120.
MODEL DISCUSSION: TRACK GUIDANCE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT THROUGH TAU
48. BOTH CROSS-TRACK AND ALONG-TRACK SPREAD INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY
THEREAFTER, REFLECTING UNCERTAINTY IN THE TIMING AND IMPACT OF THE
TROUGH ON THE STR. DYNAMICAL MODELS FAVOR A MORE WESTWARD AND
SLOWER SCENARIO, WHILE THE AI MODELS GENERALLY DEPICT AN EARLIER
AND SHARPER RECURVATURE. ECMWF IS THE SLOWEST TRACKER. NOTABLY,
SEVERAL OF THE DYNAMICAL SOLUTIONS EVENTUALLY CATCH UP TO THE
FASTER AI MODELS BY TAU 120. THE JTWC FORECAST TRACK IS SET USING A
BLEND OF THE AI-MODEL MEA…
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN32 PGTW 061500
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TYPHOON 26W (CHOI-WAN) WARNING NR 027//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 33.7N 147.6E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 80 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 402 NM EAST-SOUTHEAST OF YOKOSUKA, JAPAN
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: NORTH-NORTHEASTWARD AT 23 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 42 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED ENHANCED INFRARED (EIR) SATELLITE IMAGERY DEPICTS A
GRADUALLY DEGRADING CONVECTIVE STRUCTURE ASSOCIATED WITH TYPHOON
(TY) 26W. WHILE THE CENTRAL DENSE OVERCAST (CDO) AND CLOUD-FILLED
EYE REMAIN EVIDENT, CLOUD TOP TEMPERATURES SURROUNDING THE CORE
CONTINUE TO WARM, AND THE CONVECTIVE STRUCTURE OVER THE SOUTHWEST
QUADRANT IS BEGINNING TO ERODE. A 061010Z GMI PASS REVEALED AN
INTACT LOWER-LEVEL EYEWALL, WHILE INDICATING WEAKENING IN THE
SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE UPPER-LEVEL EYEWALL. THE ENVIRONMENT IS
LARGELY UNFAVORABLE AS THE SYSTEM CROSSES THE 26-DEGREE CELSIUS
ISOTHERM INTO PROGRESSIVELY COOLER WATERS AND ENCOUNTERS HIGH
VERTICAL WIND SHEAR (VWS). THESE DETRIMENTAL CONDITIONS OUTWEIGH
THE FAVORABLE INFLUENCE OF STRONG POLEWARD OUTFLOW ALOFT. THE
INITIAL POSITION IS PLACED WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE BASED ON THE
OUTLINE OF THE CLOUD-FILLED EYE IN THE SHORTWAVE INFRARED IMAGERY.
THE INITIAL INTENSITY HAS BEEN LOWERED TO 80 KTS WITH MEDIUM
CONFIDENCE, REFLECTING THE DETERIORATING SATELLITE PRESENTATION.
THIS ASSESSMENT IS SUPPORTED BY THE T4.5 DVORAK CLASSIFICATION FROM
PGTW AND THE DECREASING OBJECTIVE INTENSITY ESTIMATES LISTED BELOW.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: SCATTEROMETER DATA
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: NORTHWESTERN PERIPHERY OF A SUBTROPICAL
RIDGE (STR) CENTERED EAST OF HONSHU
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T4.5 - 77 KTS
RJTD: T5.0 - 90 KTS
RCTP: T5.0 - 90 KTS
CIMSS ADT: 63 KTS AT 061140Z
CIMSS AIDT: 67 KTS AT 061140Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 73 KTS AT 061008Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 81 KTS AT 061210Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: UNFAVORABLE
VWS: 30-40 KTS
SST: 25-27 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: STRONG POLEWARD
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: HIGH
INITIAL INTENSITY: MEDIUM
INITIAL WIND RADII: LOW
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THE FORECAST HAS BEEN TRUNCATED FROM
36 HOURS TO 24 HOURS.
FORECAST DISCUSSION: TY 26W IS NOW RACING NORTHEASTWARD AT 23 KTS
ALONG THE NORTHWESTERN PERIPHERY OF THE STR. THE SYSTEM WILL
CONTINUE TO ACCELERATE NORTHEASTWARD THROUGH TAU 24 AS IT BECOMES
INCREASINGLY EMBEDDED IN STRONG DEEP-LAYER WESTERLY FLOW. THE
ENVIRONMENT WILL BECOME INCREASINGLY HOSTILE TO THE TROPICAL
CYCLONE, WITH VWS INCREASING TO 40-50 KTS AND SST DECREASING TO
14-16 DEGREES CELSIUS BY TAU 24. THESE FACTORS WILL CONTINUE TO
ERODE THE INNER CORE, RESULTING IN STEADY WEAKENING. BAROCLINIC
FORCING WILL ALSO INCREASE AS TY 26W INTERACTS WITH A MID-LEVEL
TROUGH EJECTING EASTWARD FROM HONSHU AND BECOMES COUPLED WITH THE
JET STREAM TO THE NORTH. THEREFORE, TY 26W WILL RAPIDLY COMPLETE
EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION BY TAU 24 WHILE MAINTAINING TYPHOON-FORCE
WINDS. THE EXPANSIVE, POTENT WIND FIELD WILL PRODUCE VERY HIGH
SEAS.
MODEL DISCUSSION: TRACK GUIDANCE REMAINS IN EXCELLENT AGREEMENT,
WITH MINIMAL CROSS-TRACK AND ALONG-TRACK SPREAD. THE JTWC FORECAST
TRACK IS SET WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE NEAR THE MULTI-MODEL CONSENSUS
(CONW) DUE TO THE TIGHT CLUSTERING OF THE GUIDANCE. INTENSITY
GUIDANCE IS ALSO IN VERY GOOD AGREEMENT. ALL AVAILABLE AIDS DEPICT
STEADY WEAKENING THROUGH TAU 24, AND THE JTWC INTENSITY FORECAST IS
SET SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE CONSENSUS AT TAU 24, NEAR THE GFS SOLUTION.
FORECAST CONFIDENCE:
TRACK 00-72 HR: HIGH
INTENSITY 00-72 HR: HIGH//
NNNN
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN33 PGTW 071500
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TROPICAL STORM 27W (KOGUMA) WARNING NR
011//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 15.7N 162.6E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 50 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 315 NM SOUTHWEST OF WAKE ISLAND
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: WEST-NORTHWESTWARD AT 06 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 22 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED ENHANCED INFRARED (EIR) SATELLITE IMAGERY DEPICTS CURVED
BANDING WRAPPING INTO A RAGGED CENTRAL DENSE OVERCAST (CDO), WHICH
IS DISPLACED SOUTHWEST OF THE LOW-LEVEL CIRCULATION CENTER (LLCC).
THIS COMPACT CIRCULATION HAS BEEN STRUGGLING TO CONSOLIDATE IN THE
FACE OF 15-20 KTS OF NORTHEASTERLY VERTICAL WIND SHEAR (VWS). WHILE
CLOUD TOP TEMPERATURES AS COLD AS -90 DEGREES CELSIUS HAVE BEEN
OBSERVED NEAR THE CENTER, THE CONVECTION HAS BEEN UNABLE TO FULLY
WRAP AROUND THE LLCC, INDICATING THAT THE VORTEX IS STILL
VERTICALLY MISALIGNED. A 070930Z ASCAT-B PASS INDICATES THAT THE
INTENSITY OF TROPICAL STORM (TS) 27W HAS BEEN OVERESTIMATED AND
SUGGESTS THAT THE INTENSITY MAY HAVE BEEN NEARLY STEADY OVER THE
PAST 30 HOURS. BASED ON THE ASCAT DATA, THE INITIAL INTENSITY HAS
BEEN SET AT 50 KTS WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE, WHICH LIES BETWEEN THE
T3.5-4.0 DVORAK CLASSIFICATIONS AND THE OBJECTIVE ESTIMATES FROM
CIMSS. THE INITIAL POSITION IS PLACED WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE BASED
ON EIR EXTRAPOLATION AND ASCAT DATA, SLIGHTLY NORTHEAST OF THE
MID-LEVEL CIRCULATION CENTER.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: SCATTEROMETER DATA
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: SOUTHWESTERN PERIPHERY OF THE
SUBTROPICAL RIDGE (STR) POSITIONED FAR TO THE NORTH-NORTHEAST
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T3.5 - 55 KTS
RJTD: T4.0 - 65 KTS
RCTP: T3.5 - 55 KTS
CIMSS SATCON: 50 KTS AT 070930Z
CIMSS ADT: 47 KTS AT 071150Z
CIMSS AIDT: 42 KTS AT 071150Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 42 KTS AT 070858Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 43 KTS AT 071150Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: MARGINALLY FAVORABLE
VWS: 15-20 KTS
SST: 30-31 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: MODERATE POLEWARD AND WESTWARD
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: MEDIUM
INITIAL INTENSITY: MEDIUM
INITIAL WIND RADII: HIGH
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THERE ARE NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO
THE FORECAST FROM THE PREVIOUS WARNING.
FORECAST DISCUSSION: TS 27W WILL MAINTAIN A WEST-NORTHWESTWARD
TRAJECTORY THROUGH TAU 60 ALONG THE SOUTHWESTERN FLANK OF A STR
POSITIONED FAR TO THE NORTH-NORTHEAST. OVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS, THE
RIDGE WILL AMPLIFY AND MIGRATE WESTWARD, INDUCING A SLIGHTLY FASTER
TRANSLATION SPEED. TYPHOON (TY) 15E, LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 630 NM
TO THE NORTH-NORTHWEST, WILL PRODUCE A WEAKNESS IN THE WESTERN
EXTENSION OF THE RIDGE TO THE NORTH. AS TS 27W APPROACHES THIS
WEAKNESS AROUND TAU 72, THE SYSTEM WILL GRADUALLY TURN POLEWARD AND
SLOW DOWN. THE PERSISTENT SHEAR AND STRUCTURAL ISSUES PLAGUING TS
27W WILL LIMIT INTENSIFICATION FOR THE FIRST 12 HOURS. VWS WILL
BEGIN EASING AFTER TAU 12, REACHING TO LESS THAN 10 KTS BY TAU 24,
AND PROVIDE THE SYSTEM AN OPPORTUNITY TO QUICKLY CONSOLIDATE AS IT
TRAVERSES VERY WARM SST AND VERY HIGH OCEAN HEAT CONTENT (OHC)
EXCEEDING 150 KJ PER CM2. THESE HIGHLY FAVORABLE CONDITIONS WILL
ENABLE THE COMPACT VORTEX TO UNDERGO RAPID INTENSIFICATION (RI)
AFTER TAU 12 TO A PEAK OF 120 KTS AT TAU 60. BY TAU 96 AND TAU 120,
THE SYSTEM WILL MOVE OVER LOWER OHC, WHICH WILL INITIATE A
WEAKENING TREND. COMPACT CIRCULATIONS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO
INTENSIFY VERY AGGRESSIVELY, AND THE FORECAST RATE OF
INTENSIFICATION AND PEAK INTENSITY MAY BE CONSERVATIVE.
MODEL DISCUSSION: THE SPREAD AMONG THE TRACK GUIDANCE HAS INCREASED
THIS CYCLE, LARGELY DUE TO ECMWF DEPICTING THE FASTEST POLEWARD
MOTION AND RECURVATURE, WHILE GFS AND THE GEFS ENSEMBLE MEAN FAVOR
THE MOST WESTWARD TRACKS. STILL, …
ECMWF 10-m Streamlines
This map visualizes near-surface winds from the ECMWF operational model using streamlines — continuous curves that show the direction of the wind at every point. Streamlines help us visually detect patterns of atmospheric flow, such as jets, troughs, and areas of rotation.
Forecasters at the NHC monitor 10-meter wind fields for signs of a closed low-level circulation — a common feature of early tropical cyclone formation. When streamlines wrap into a tight, circular pattern and form a closed loop, it may signal that a system is transitioning from a disorganized disturbance into a structured cyclone.
This early organization of wind flow is a key threshold in classifying an area as a potential tropical cyclone. While other ingredients like convection and mid-level humidity are also necessary, closed low-level circulation is often the first structural milestone forecasters look for.
Look for small, circular loops in the streamlines over oceanic regions — especially where other environmental factors also align for storm formation.
ECMWF Predictions
No active storm found in ECMWF data at this time.
Environmental Indicators
Hypothetical TC Drift Paths
This map displays hypothetical tropical cyclone (TC) paths projected from genesis-favorable zones identified by an environmental mask. These paths are computed using the Emanuel Beta and Advection Model, a physically based framework that estimates the motion of nascent cyclones by combining steering-level winds and planetary rotation effects.
The model blends winds from two critical pressure levels — 850 hPa (lower troposphere) and 250 hPa (upper troposphere) — weighted toward the lower level where most of a tropical cyclone's mass resides. It also incorporates a background component associated with beta drift, which arises from the variation of the Coriolis force with latitude.
Each pink trajectory represents a storm initialized from a grid cell where all five environmental thresholds were favorable: high CAPE, low vertical wind shear, high mid-level humidity, warm SSTs, and positive low-level vorticity. Arrows darken with time, tracing the cyclone’s evolution in 6-hour steps. These tracks can move over land given the steering winds, but in reality these storms weaken quickly when no longer over warm water. This means the tracks that move over significant would likely die out quickly and are not well represented in this model.
Hypothetical storms often drift westward and poleward, steered by large-scale tropical flow and Earth's rotation — this helps forecasters anticipate where early-stage disturbances might evolve into organized storms.
Pressure & Rainfall (hPa)
This chart shows 24-hour forecasts of surface pressure (in hPa) and precipitation (in mm) for select U.S. cities.
The data comes from the Open-Meteo API,
which sources its predictions from high-resolution numerical weather models like ICON (from the German Weather Service)
and ECMWF's IFS. These are advanced general circulation models (GCMs) that solve physical equations governing the
atmosphere — including thermodynamics, fluid motion, and radiation — to simulate and forecast future states of weather.
A sudden drop in pressure may signal the approach of a developing storm system. Increasing rainfall intensity often
tracks with tropical activity or frontal systems. These paired indicators help visualize evolving atmospheric instability and potential hazards.
NBDC Gulf Buoy Data
This data comes from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), a division of NOAA responsible for monitoring ocean
and atmospheric conditions using moored buoys, coastal stations, and drifting floats. These sensors play a vital role in
tracking tropical cyclone development by recording variables like wind speed,
barometric pressure, air & sea surface temperatures, and wave height — all of which
help determine storm structure and intensification.
A sudden drop in sea-level pressure or a spike in wind gusts can signal rapid cyclone strengthening.
Water temperature above ~26°C is a key fuel source for tropical cyclones. Wave and swell height give insight
into the storm’s reach and energy transfer across the ocean. Monitoring these in real time helps improve forecasts and early warnings.
Wind: WSW (250°), 3.9 kt | Gust: 5.8 kt
Pressure: 29.84 falling | Air Temp: 84.0 °F
Water Temp: 86.0 °F | Dew Point: 79.5 °F
Swell: 3.3 ft | Wind Wave: 0.7 ft
NWS U.S. Radar
The National Weather Service (NWS) collects radar data using the NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) network —
a nationwide system of over 150 high-resolution Doppler radar stations. Radar works by emitting pulses of energy
that bounce off precipitation (like raindrops, hail, or snow) and return to the radar dish. Doppler radar not only detects the
location and intensity of storms, but also their motion — by measuring shifts in frequency caused by movement of particles toward
or away from the radar site. This allows meteorologists to spot rotating storms and potential tornadoes in real time.
GOES 15-min Satellite
The GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) system is operated by NOAA
and provides continuous weather observation over the Americas. Orbiting 22,300 miles above Earth,
GOES satellites deliver high-resolution imagery every 15 minutes, helping track tropical systems, cloud formation,
and atmospheric motion in real time. The Geocolor imagery shown here combines visible and infrared data
to highlight clouds, land, and sea in a natural-looking format.
GOES Band 13 – Infrared (IR) Imagery
Band 13 (10.3 µm) is one of the most important infrared channels for tropical meteorology, measuring emitted radiation from cloud tops.
Colder colors (red, yellow) signal deep convection, where strong thunderstorms punch through the upper atmosphere.
These features often indicate the early stages of tropical cyclone formation.
Most recent GOES Band 13 image. Provided by NOAA/NESDIS/STAR.