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Active Tropical Systems & Formation Outlook
A whole-basin summary of all active tropical cyclones and the NHC
Tropical Weather Outlook, generated with the
tropycal
package. Select a storm below for its official forecast and model guidance.
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN31 PGTW 090900
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TYPHOON 12W (DOLPHIN) WARNING NR 054//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 28.1N 121.9E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 75 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 181 NM NORTH OF TAIPEI, TAIWAN
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: WEST-NORTHWESTWARD AT 12 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 30 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGERY (MSI) DEPICTS AN EXPANSIVE
SYSTEM WITH OUTER RAINBANDS EXTENDING FROM TAIWAN TO SHANGHAI AND A
VERY COMPACT, CLOUD-FILLED EYE EMBEDDED WITHIN A MUCH SMALLER INNER
CORE OF DEEP CONVECTION. ANIMATED RADAR DATA SHOWS THE EYE BECOMING
MORE RAGGED AND LESS-DEFINED AS IT APPROACHES THE COAST OF ZHEJIANG
PROVINCE, CHINA BUT THE WESTERN EYEWALL IN PARTICULAR IS
WELL-DEFINED AND NOW BRUSHING THE COAST NEAR SHITANGZHEN, CHINA.
SURFACE OBSERVATIONS FROM DACHEN DAO TO THE NORTH REPORTED
EAST-NORTHEAST WINDS OF 45 KNOTS AND AN MSLP READING OF 965 MB AT
0600Z. THE INITIAL POSITION IS ASSESSED WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE BASED
ON THE RADAR DATA AND THE EYE FEATURE IN THE MSI. THE INITIAL
INTENSITY IS ASSESSED WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE. SUBJECTIVE DVORAK
CURRENT INTENSITY ESTIMATES CONTINUE TO VASTLY OUTPERFORM THE
MAJORITY OF THE OBJECTIVE INTENSITY ESTIMATES (EXCEPT THE SATCON),
WHICH ARE STRUGGLING WITH THE COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM. THE
ENVIRONMENT REMAINS FAVORABLE, BUT THE IMMINENT LANDFALL MEANS THE
SYSTEM WILL NOT HAVE TIME TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE FAVORABLE
CONDITIONS.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: PERSISTENCE
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: SOUTHERN PERIPHERY OF AN EXTENSION OF
THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE (STR) CENTERED OVER SOUTHERN JAPAN AND
EXTENDING NORTHWEST TO THE SHANDONG PENINSULA.
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T4.5 - 77 KTS
RJTD: T5.0 - 90 KTS
RCTP: T4.0 - 65 KTS
KNES: T5.0 - 90 KTS
CIMSS SATCON: 80 KTS AT 090600Z
CIMSS ADT: 51 KTS AT 090600Z
CIMSS AIDT: 66 KTS AT 090600Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 60 KTS AT 090427Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 63 KTS AT 090530Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: FAVORABLE
VWS: 10-15 KTS
SST: 29-30 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: STRONG RADIAL
OTHER FACTORS: PROXIMITY TO LAND.
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: HIGH
INITIAL INTENSITY: MEDIUM
INITIAL WIND RADII: MEDIUM
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THERE ARE NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO
THE FORECAST FROM THE PREVIOUS WARNING.
FORECAST DISCUSSION: TYPHOON (TY) 12W WILL MAKE LANDFALL ALONG THE
SOUTHEASTERN CHINESE COAST, SOUTH OF THE CITY OF TAIZHOU WITHIN THE
NEXT FEW HOURS. THE WESTERN EYEWALL IS ALREADY BRUSHING THE
COASTLINE AND THE LATEST RADAR ANIMATIONS SUGGEST THE SYSTEM MAY
ATTEMPT ONE MORE TROCHOIDAL WOBBLE SOUTHWESTWARD BEFORE CROSSING
THE COAST. OVERALL, THE SYSTEM WILL TRACK WESTWARD ALONG THE SOUTHERN
FLANK OF THE STR BUILDING TO THE NORTH FOR THE NEXT 12 HOURS, THEN
TURN NORTHWESTWARD AS THE RIDGE RECEDES SLIGHTLY EASTWARD. NO
CHANGE IN INTENSITY IS EXPECTED IN THE SHORT TIME PRIOR TO
LANDFALL. AFTER LANDFALL, THE SYSTEM WILL RAPIDLY WEAKEN AND
DISSIPATE OVER EAST-CENTRAL CHINA WITHIN 48 HOURS.
MODEL DISCUSSION: TRACK GUIDANCE IS IN STRONG AGREEMENT, WITH
MINIMAL CROSS-TRACK SPREAD THROUGH THE FORECAST PERIOD, LENDING
HIGH CONFIDENCE TO THE JTWC FORECAST TRACK, WHICH IS PLACED NEAR
THE AI CONSENSUS MEAN THROUGH THE FORECAST PERIOD. INTENSITY
GUIDANCE IS ALSO IN STRONG AGREEMENT DEPICTING RAPID WEAKENING
THROUGH THE FORECAST PERIOD, LENDING HIGH CONFIDENCE TO THE JTWC
INTENSITY FORECAST.
FORECAST CONFIDENCE:
TRACK 00-72 HR: HIGH
INTENSITY 00-72 HR: HIGH//
NNNN
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN32 PGTW 092100
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TROPICAL STORM 13W (PEILOU) WARNING NR
012//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 20.5N 145.8E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 35 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 411 NM NORTH OF ANDERSEN AFB
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: EASTWARD AT 15 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 13 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED ENHANCED INFRARED (EIR) SATELLITE IMAGERY DEPICTS THE LOW
LEVEL CIRCULATION CENTER (LLCC) TROPICAL STORM (TS) 13W (PEILOU)
FURTHER OBSCURED BY PERSISTENT CONVECTION CENTERED OVER THE EASTERN
FLANK OF THE SYSTEM. A COMPACT CIRCULATION IS SEEN IN A 091620Z AMSR2
89 GHZ MICROWAVE IMAGE AS WELL AS A DEEP BAND OF CONVECTION PARTIALLY
WRAPPING ON THE EASTERN AND NORTHERN PERIPHERY. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
REVEALS FAVORABLE CONDITIONS WITH WARM (29-30 C) SEA SURFACE
TEMPERATURES, LOW (5-10 KTS) VERTICAL WIND SHEAR, AND MODERATE OUTFLOW
ALOFT DUE TO A UPPER LEVEL TROUGH SITUATED TO THE NORTHEAST. THE
INITIAL POSITION IS PLACED WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE BASED ON THE
PARTIALLY EXPOSED LOW LEVEL WRAPPING CLOUDS AND REFERENCED MICROWAVE
IMAGE. THE INITIAL INTENSITY IS ASSESSED WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE BASED ON
A PARTIAL 091449Z OSCAT IMAGE WITH 30 KTS DISPLACED TO THE SOUTHWEST
AS WELL AS THE AGENCY DVORAK FIXES AND OBJECTIVE ESTIMATES LISTED
BELOW.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: WIND RADII ADJUSTED BASED ON A 091155Z
METOP-C ASCAT IMAGE
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: LOW-LEVEL MONSOONAL WESTERLIES AND A NEAR
EQUITORIAL RIDGE (NER) CENTERED TO THE SOUTHWEST
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T2.0 - 30 KTS
RJTD: T1.5 - 25 KTS
RCTP: T2.5 - 35 KTS
KNES: T2.0 - 30 KTS
CIMSS ADT: 37 KTS AT 091730Z
CIMSS AIDT: 38 KTS AT 091730Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 35 KTS AT 091700Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 32 KTS AT 091900Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: MARGINALLY FAVORABLE
VWS: 5-10 KTS
SST: 29-30 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: MODERATE EASTWARD
OTHER FACTORS: UPPER LEVEL TROUGH POSITIONED CLOSELY TO THE
NORTHWEST
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: MEDIUM
INITIAL INTENSITY: HIGH
INITIAL WIND RADII: HIGH
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THERE ARE NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO THE
FORECAST FROM THE PREVIOUS WARNING.
FORECAST DISCUSSION: TS 13W IS FORECAST TO TRACK EASTWARD UNTIL TAU 12
AND THEN TURN NORTHEASTWARD AS IT FOLLOWS THE STEERING INFLUENCE OF
BOTH A NEAR EQUATORIAL RIDGE (NER) CENTERED TO THE SOUTHWEST AND THE
STRONG LOW-LEVEL MONSOONAL WESTERLIES. IN REGARDS TO INTENSITY, A
SLIGHT INTENSIFICATION PERIOD IS FORECAST AS THE UPPER LEVEL TROUGH TO
THE NORTHWEST REMAINS FAVORABLY POSITIONED TO PROMOTE INCREASED
OUTFLOW ALOFT. FOLLOWING TAU 24 TO 36, A WEAKENING TREND IS EXPECTED
AND TS 13W IS FORECAST TO ULTIMATELY DISSIPATE BY TAU 60 AS IT
EXPERIENCES DRY AIR ENTRAINMENT AND THE UPPER LEVEL TROUGH ULTIMATELY
PASSES OVER THE SYSTEM INHIBITING OUTFLOW, AN OUTCOME SUPPORTED ON ALL
GLOBAL DETERMINISTIC MODEL FIELDS.
MODEL DISCUSSION: TRACK MODEL GUIDANCE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT FOR THE
REMAINDER OF THE FORECAST PERIOD OF THE GENERAL NORTHEASTWARD TRACK,
WITH THE LARGER AREA OF DISAGREEMENT BEING THE TRACK SPEED.
DISREGARDING NAVGEM AS TOO SLOW OF AN OUTLIER, THE ALONG TRACK SPEED
AT TAU 60 IS 200 NM. THE OFFICIAL JTWC FORECAST TRACK IS PLACED WITH
HIGH CONFIDENCE, IN BETWEEN THE MULTI-MODEL CONSENSUS AND AI CONSENSUS
TRACKS AND SPEEDS. INTENSITY MODEL GUIDANCE IS IN LESS AGREEMENT AS
OUTLIERS OF THE DECAY-SHIPS (GFS AND NAVGEM BASED) PREDICT A STRONG
INTENSIFICATION OUT TO TAU 96, WHILE THE REMAINDER OF THE GUIDANCE IS
IN BETTER AGREEMENT OF A SHORT TERM INTENSIFICATION FOLLOWED BY A
LONGER WEAKENING TREND. THE OFFICIAL JTWC FORECAST INTENSITY IS
ASSESSED WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE FORECA…
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN33 PGTW 092100
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TROPICAL STORM 14W (CHAN-HOM) WARNING NR
012//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 33.2N 150.2E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 35 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 535 NM EAST OF YOKOSUKA, JAPAN
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: NORTH-NORTHWESTWARD AT 10 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 14 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED ENHANCED INFRARED (EIR) SATELLITE IMAGERY DEPICTS THE FULLY
EXPOSED LOW LEVEL CIRCULATION CENTER (LLCC) OF TROPICAL STORM (TS) 14W
(CHAN-HOM) WITH ONLY A FEW SMALL PUFFS OF FLARING CONVECTION CONFINED
TO THE NORTHEAST QUADRANT. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REMAIN MARGINALLY
FAVORABLE AS THE UPPER LEVEL LOW SITUATED JUST TO THE NORTHEAST OF 14W
CONTINUES TO CAUSE CONVERGENCE ALOFT, DRY AIR ENTRAINMENT ON THE
WESTERN AND SOUTHERN FLANKS OF 14W, AND LOW (10-15 KTS) NORTHWESTERLY
SHEAR, ALL EVIDENT IN EIR. THESE CONDITIONS ARE OFFSET ONLY MARGINALLY
BY SSTS OF 26-27 C. THE INITIAL POSITION IS PLACED WITH HIGH
CONFIDENCE BASED ON THE EXPOSED LLCC. THE INITIAL INTENSITY IS
ASSESSED WITH MEDIUM CONFIDENCE HEDGING ABOVE AGENCY DVORAK FIXES AND
CIMSS OBJECTIVE ESTIMATES LISTED BELOW AS THE DVORAK METHOD STRUGGLES
WITHOUT PERSISTENT CONVECTION.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: PERSISTENCE
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: SOUTHWESTERN EXTENSION OF A SUBTROPICAL
RIDGE (STR) CENTERED TO THE NORTHEAST.
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T2.0 - 30 KTS
RJTD: T2.0 - 30 KTS
RCTP: T2.0 - 30 KTS
CIMSS SATCON: 41 KTS AT 091800Z
CIMSS ADT: 25 KTS AT 091800Z
CIMSS AIDT: 29 KTS AT 091800Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 33 KTS AT 091605Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 30 KTS AT 091800Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: MARGINALLY
UNFAVORABLE
VWS: 10-15 KTS
SST: 26-27 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: WEAK EASTWARD
OTHER FACTORS: UPPER LEVEL LOW POSITIONED JUST TO THE NORTH OF
THE SYSTEM AND DRY AIR ENTRAINMENT
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: HIGH
INITIAL INTENSITY: MEDIUM
INITIAL WIND RADII: MEDIUM
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THERE ARE NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES TO
THE FORECAST FROM THE PREVIOUS WARNING.
FORECAST DISCUSSION: TS 14W HAS BEGUN ITS NORTH-NORTHWESTWARD TRACK
AFTER COMPLETING A SMALL COUNTER-CLOCKWISE LOOP EARLIER, EVIDENT IN
EIR. IT IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE NORTHWESTWARD UNDER THE STEERING
INFLUENCE OF THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE (STR) CENTERED TO THE NORTHEAST
NEAR THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS. AT TAU 36 THIS STR IS EXPECTED TO BUILD
A WESTWARD EXTENSION LEADING TO A FORECAST WESTWARD TURN OF TS 14W
IN RESPONSE. THE SYSTEM IS FORECAST TO MAKE LANDFALL OVER CENTRAL
HONSHU JUST AFTER TAU 36 AND REEMERGE INTO THE SEA OF JAPAN BY TAU 48
AS IT INCREASES IN TRACK SPEED. THIS INCREASE IN TRACK SPEED IS DUE TO
THE MORE DEFINED STEERING PATTERN AS TS 14W CROSSES OVER JAPAN. IN
REGARDS TO INTENSITY, TS 14W IS FORECAST TO EXPERIENCE A BRIEF
INTENSIFICATION BETWEEN TAUS 12 AND 36 AS THE UPPER LEVEL LOW FILLS
AND A SEPARATE UPPER LEVEL TROUGH TO THE NORTHWEST CAUSES INCREASED
OUTFLOW. PRIOR TO LANDFALL, TS 14W IS THEN EXPECTED TO ENCOUNTER
INCREASED DRY AIR ENTRAINMENT AND COOLING SSTS OFF THE COAST OF
HONSHU, LEADING TO A WEAKENING TREND BEFORE IT BEGINS TERRAIN
INTERACTION, FURTHER DECREASING INTENSITY BEFORE IT TRACKS INTO THE
SEA OF JAPAN. INCREASED UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS OF INCREASED DRY AIR
AND STRONG UPPER LEVEL NORTHERLIES IN THE SEA OF JAPAN ARE EXPECTED TO
BEGIN SUBTROPICAL TRANSITION (STT) BY TAU 60 AND COMPLETE STT AND
DISSIPATE OVER WATER BY TAU 72, PRIOR TO LANDFALL OVER THE KOREAN
PENINSULA.
MODEL DISCUSSION: MODEL TRACK GUIDANCE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT IN THE
SHORT TERM WITH A CROSS TRACK SPREAD OF 55 NM JUST PRIOR TO THE
FORECAST LANDFALL OVER JAPAN. ONCE IN THE SEA OF JAPAN IT EXPANDS
TO 100 NM BY TAU 7…
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
ECMWF 10-m Streamlines
This map visualizes near-surface winds from the ECMWF operational model using streamlines — continuous curves that show the direction of the wind at every point. Streamlines help us visually detect patterns of atmospheric flow, such as jets, troughs, and areas of rotation.
Forecasters at the NHC monitor 10-meter wind fields for signs of a closed low-level circulation — a common feature of early tropical cyclone formation. When streamlines wrap into a tight, circular pattern and form a closed loop, it may signal that a system is transitioning from a disorganized disturbance into a structured cyclone.
This early organization of wind flow is a key threshold in classifying an area as a potential tropical cyclone. While other ingredients like convection and mid-level humidity are also necessary, closed low-level circulation is often the first structural milestone forecasters look for.
Look for small, circular loops in the streamlines over oceanic regions — especially where other environmental factors also align for storm formation.
ECMWF Predictions
No active storm found in ECMWF data at this time.
Environmental Indicators
Hypothetical TC Drift Paths
This map displays hypothetical tropical cyclone (TC) paths projected from genesis-favorable zones identified by an environmental mask. These paths are computed using the Emanuel Beta and Advection Model, a physically based framework that estimates the motion of nascent cyclones by combining steering-level winds and planetary rotation effects.
The model blends winds from two critical pressure levels — 850 hPa (lower troposphere) and 250 hPa (upper troposphere) — weighted toward the lower level where most of a tropical cyclone's mass resides. It also incorporates a background component associated with beta drift, which arises from the variation of the Coriolis force with latitude.
Each pink trajectory represents a storm initialized from a grid cell where all five environmental thresholds were favorable: high CAPE, low vertical wind shear, high mid-level humidity, warm SSTs, and positive low-level vorticity. Arrows darken with time, tracing the cyclone’s evolution in 6-hour steps. These tracks can move over land given the steering winds, but in reality these storms weaken quickly when no longer over warm water. This means the tracks that move over significant would likely die out quickly and are not well represented in this model.
Hypothetical storms often drift westward and poleward, steered by large-scale tropical flow and Earth's rotation — this helps forecasters anticipate where early-stage disturbances might evolve into organized storms.
Pressure & Rainfall (hPa)
This chart shows 24-hour forecasts of surface pressure (in hPa) and precipitation (in mm) for select U.S. cities.
The data comes from the Open-Meteo API,
which sources its predictions from high-resolution numerical weather models like ICON (from the German Weather Service)
and ECMWF's IFS. These are advanced general circulation models (GCMs) that solve physical equations governing the
atmosphere — including thermodynamics, fluid motion, and radiation — to simulate and forecast future states of weather.
A sudden drop in pressure may signal the approach of a developing storm system. Increasing rainfall intensity often
tracks with tropical activity or frontal systems. These paired indicators help visualize evolving atmospheric instability and potential hazards.
NBDC Gulf Buoy Data
This data comes from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), a division of NOAA responsible for monitoring ocean
and atmospheric conditions using moored buoys, coastal stations, and drifting floats. These sensors play a vital role in
tracking tropical cyclone development by recording variables like wind speed,
barometric pressure, air & sea surface temperatures, and wave height — all of which
help determine storm structure and intensification.
A sudden drop in sea-level pressure or a spike in wind gusts can signal rapid cyclone strengthening.
Water temperature above ~26°C is a key fuel source for tropical cyclones. Wave and swell height give insight
into the storm’s reach and energy transfer across the ocean. Monitoring these in real time helps improve forecasts and early warnings.
Wind: ESE (110°), 3.9 kt | Gust: 5.8 kt
Pressure: 30.03 falling | Air Temp: 86.5 °F
Water Temp: 86.0 °F | Dew Point: 77.7 °F
Swell: 1.0 ft | Wind Wave: 0.3 ft
NWS U.S. Radar
The National Weather Service (NWS) collects radar data using the NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) network —
a nationwide system of over 150 high-resolution Doppler radar stations. Radar works by emitting pulses of energy
that bounce off precipitation (like raindrops, hail, or snow) and return to the radar dish. Doppler radar not only detects the
location and intensity of storms, but also their motion — by measuring shifts in frequency caused by movement of particles toward
or away from the radar site. This allows meteorologists to spot rotating storms and potential tornadoes in real time.
GOES 15-min Satellite
The GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) system is operated by NOAA
and provides continuous weather observation over the Americas. Orbiting 22,300 miles above Earth,
GOES satellites deliver high-resolution imagery every 15 minutes, helping track tropical systems, cloud formation,
and atmospheric motion in real time. The Geocolor imagery shown here combines visible and infrared data
to highlight clouds, land, and sea in a natural-looking format.
GOES Band 13 – Infrared (IR) Imagery
Band 13 (10.3 µm) is one of the most important infrared channels for tropical meteorology, measuring emitted radiation from cloud tops.
Colder colors (red, yellow) signal deep convection, where strong thunderstorms punch through the upper atmosphere.
These features often indicate the early stages of tropical cyclone formation.
Most recent GOES Band 13 image. Provided by NOAA/NESDIS/STAR.