🚨 Montgomery: None 🚨 Polk, TN: Flash Flood Warning issued November 5 at 6:23AM EST until November 5 at 9:00AM EST by NWS Morristown TN 🚨 Los Banos - Dos Palos; Merced - Madera - Mendota; Planada - Le Grand - Snelling; Coalinga - Avenal; West Side of Fresno and Kings Counties; Caruthers - San Joaquin - Selma; Fresno-Clovis; Buttonwillow - Lost Hills - I5; Delano-Wasco-Shafter; Hanford - Corcoran - Lemoore; Visalia - Porterville - Reedley; Bakersfield; Southeast San Joaquin Valley; South End San Joaquin Valley: Dense Fog Advisory issued November 5 at 3:21AM PST until November 5 at 10:00AM PST by NWS Hanford CA 🚨 Robeson; Bladen; Columbus: Dense Fog Advisory issued November 5 at 6:01AM EST until November 5 at 9:00AM EST by NWS Wilmington NC 🚨 Durham; Franklin; Nash; Edgecombe; Chatham; Wake; Johnston; Wilson; Moore; Lee; Harnett; Wayne; Scotland; Hoke; Cumberland; Sampson: Dense Fog Advisory issued November 5 at 6:00AM EST until November 5 at 9:00AM EST by NWS Raleigh NC 🚨 Northwest Aroostook; Northeast Aroostook; Northern Piscataquis; Northern Penobscot; Southeast Aroostook; Northern Washington: Dense Fog Advisory issued November 5 at 5:57AM EST until November 5 at 8:00AM EST by NWS Caribou ME 🚨 Waters from Pt. Sal to Santa Cruz Island CA and westward 60 nm including San Miguel and Santa Rosa Islands; Outer waters from Santa Cruz Island to San Clemente Island to 60 NM offshore including San Nicolas and Santa Barbara Islands: Small Craft Advisory issued November 5 at 2:55AM PST until November 6 at 3:00AM PST by NWS Los Angeles/Oxnard CA 🚨 Point Piedras Blancas to Point Sal from 10 to 60 NM: Small Craft Advisory issued November 5 at 2:55AM PST until November 6 at 3:00AM PST by NWS Los Angeles/Oxnard CA 🚨 Coastal waters from Florence to Cape Blanco OR out 10 nm; Coastal waters from Cape Blanco OR to Pt. St. George CA out 10 nm; Waters from Florence to Cape Blanco OR from 10 to 60 nm; Waters from Cape Blanco OR to Pt. St. George CA from 10 to 60 nm: Small Craft Advisory issued November 5 at 2:47AM PST until November 7 at 10:00PM PST by NWS Medford OR 🚨 Polk, TN: Flood Warning issued November 5 at 5:27AM EST until November 5 at 7:15AM EST by NWS Morristown TN
Active Tropical Systems & Formation Outlook
A whole-basin summary of all active tropical cyclones and the NHC
Tropical Weather Outlook, generated with the
tropycal
package. Select a storm below for its official forecast and model guidance.
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
WDPN31 PGTW 050300
MSGID/GENADMIN/JOINT TYPHOON WRNCEN PEARL HARBOR HI//
SUBJ/PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TYPHOON 30W (IN-FA) WARNING NR 051//
RMKS/
1. FOR METEOROLOGISTS.
2. 6 HOUR SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS.
SUMMARY:
INITIAL POSITION: 28.1N 140.0E
INITIAL INTENSITY: 75 KTS
GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: 131 NM WEST-NORTHWEST OF CHICHI JIMA
MOVEMENT PAST 6 HOURS: NORTHEASTWARD AT 17 KTS
SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT: 31 FEET
SATELLITE ANALYSIS, INITIAL POSITION AND INTENSITY DISCUSSION:
ANIMATED MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGERY (MSI) DEPICTS THE LOW
LEVEL CIRCULATION CENTER (LLCC) OF TYPHOON (TY) 30W (IN-FA)
BECOMING INCREASINGLY EXPOSED AS THE CENTRAL CONVECTION CONTINUES
TO BE SHEARED TO THE EAST. A 042121Z MWI MICROWAVE SUITE REVEALED
THAT THE MICROWAVE EYE FEATURE IN THE 37 GHZ IMAGE HAS
STRENGTHENED, ONCE AGAIN FULLY CLOSED AND RELATIVELY ALIGNED WITH
THE CENTER IN THE 89 GHZ IMAGE. A 042032Z RCM-2 PASS SUPPORTS THIS
MARGINALLY IMPROVED CONVECTIVE STRUCTURE WITH A BAND OF ENHANCED
WINDS EXPANDING FROM THE NORTHERN SEMICIRCLE AND EXPANSIVE
GALE-FORCE WINDS TO THE SOUTHEAST. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ARE
ASSESSED AS UNFAVORABLE WITH HIGH (35-40 KTS) VERTICAL WIND SHEAR
CAUSING DRY AIR ENTRAINMENT, COOL (25-26 C) SEA SURFACE
TEMPERATURES (SSTS), AND MODERATE OUTFLOW ALOFT, SUPPRESSED BY AN
UPPER-LEVEL TROUGH POSITIONED OVER 30W. THE INITIAL POSITION IS
PLACED WITH HIGH CONFIDENCE BASED ON THE PARTIALLY EXPOSED LLCC.
REGARDING INTENSITY, THE SAR DATA SUGGESTS AN INTENSITY OF ROUGHLY
90 KTS WHILE AGENCY DVORAK AND CIMSS OBJECTIVE ESTIMATES CONTINUE
TO DROP WELL BELOW TYPHOON STRENGTH. CONSIDERING THE KNOWN WEAKNESS
OF THE DVORAK METHOD WITH SYSTEMS LACKING CENTRAL CONVECTION AS
WELL AS A PREVIOUSLY OBSERVED HIGH BIAS OF RCM SAR DATA AS COMPARED
WITH OTHER WIND SPEED DATA AND OBSERVATIONS, THE INITIAL INTENSITY
IS ASSESSED WITH LOW CONFIDENCE, AVERAGED BETWEEN THE VARIOUS
INPUTS.
INITIAL WIND RADII BASIS: 042032Z RCM-2 SAR DATA
CURRENT STEERING MECHANISM: SUBTROPICAL RIDGE CENTERED TO THE
SOUTHEAST
AGENCY DVORAK AND AUTOMATED FIXES:
PGTW: T4.0 - 65 KTS
RCTP: T4.0 - 65 KTS
CIMSS ADT: 57 KTS AT 042030Z
CIMSS AIDT: 63 KTS AT 042030Z
CIMSS D-MINT: 46 KTS AT 050103Z
CIMSS D-PRINT: 47 KTS AT 050100Z
FORECASTER ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENT: UNFAVORABLE
VWS: 30+ KTS
SST: 25-26 CELSIUS
OUTFLOW: MODERATE POLEWARD
OTHER FACTORS: DRY AIR ENTRAINMENT
ANALYSIS CONFIDENCE:
INITIAL POSITION: HIGH
INITIAL INTENSITY: LOW
INITIAL WIND RADII: LOW
3. FORECAST REASONING.
SIGNIFICANT FORECAST CHANGES: THE FORECAST HAS BEEN TRUNCATED TO 24
HOURS
FORECAST DISCUSSION: 30W HAS BEGUN ITS NORTHEASTWARD TURN AS IT IS
NOW POLEWARD OF THE AXIS OF THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE (STR) CENTERED TO
THE SOUTHEAST AND ACCELERATES IN TRACK SPEED. THE SYSTEM IS
EXPECTED TO CONTINUE DOING SO FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE FORECAST
PERIOD. 30W IS FORECAST TO BEGIN EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION (ETT) BY
TAU 12 AND COMPLETE BY TAU 24 AS IT BECOMES EMBEDDED UNDERNEATH THE
UPPER-LEVEL JET AND LOSES TROPICAL CHARACTERISTICS. REGARDING
INTENSITY, 30W IS EXPECTED TO STEADILY WEAKEN AS IT CROSSES THE 26
C ISOTHERM IMMINENTLY AND VWS RISES TO OVER 50 KTS BY TAU 24,
ENTRAINING FURTHER DRY, COOL AIR INTO THE CORE. HOWEVER, THE WIND
FIELD OF 30W IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE EXPANDING AND 30W IS FORECAST
TO COMPLETE ETT WHILE MAINTAINING TYPHOON STRENGTH.
MODEL DISCUSSION: TRACK MODEL GUIDANCE IS IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH
THE EXCEPTION OF GALWEM AS A POLEWARD OUTLIER. EXCLUDING GALWEM,
CROSS-TRACK SPREAD IS 50 NM AND ALONG-TRACK SPREAD IS 100 NM AT TAU
24. THE OFFICIAL JTWC FORECAST TRACK IS THUS ASSESSED WITH HIGH
CONFIDENCE, IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THE TRACK OF THE MULTI-MODEL
CONSENSUS AND HEDGING BETWEEN ITS TRACK SPEED AND THE SLIGHTLY
FASTER AI CONSENSUS TRACK SPEED. INTENSITY MODEL GUIDANCE CONTINUES
TO BE A BIT MORE SPREAD, WITH HAFS-A AND COAMPS-TC PREDICTING
INTENSIF…
94S
(SH942027)
Type: TDMax Wind: 25 ktMin Pressure: 1008 hPaPosition: -10.2, 59.3Basin: South Indian
HAFS and GEFS guidance is only available for storms in the US/NHC domain (Atlantic & East/Central Pacific). For this system, the basin summary and best-track position are shown.
ECMWF 10-m Streamlines
This map visualizes near-surface winds from the ECMWF operational model using streamlines — continuous curves that show the direction of the wind at every point. Streamlines help us visually detect patterns of atmospheric flow, such as jets, troughs, and areas of rotation.
Forecasters at the NHC monitor 10-meter wind fields for signs of a closed low-level circulation — a common feature of early tropical cyclone formation. When streamlines wrap into a tight, circular pattern and form a closed loop, it may signal that a system is transitioning from a disorganized disturbance into a structured cyclone.
This early organization of wind flow is a key threshold in classifying an area as a potential tropical cyclone. While other ingredients like convection and mid-level humidity are also necessary, closed low-level circulation is often the first structural milestone forecasters look for.
Look for small, circular loops in the streamlines over oceanic regions — especially where other environmental factors also align for storm formation.
ECMWF Predictions
No active storm found in ECMWF data at this time.
Environmental Indicators
Hypothetical TC Drift Paths
This map displays hypothetical tropical cyclone (TC) paths projected from genesis-favorable zones identified by an environmental mask. These paths are computed using the Emanuel Beta and Advection Model, a physically based framework that estimates the motion of nascent cyclones by combining steering-level winds and planetary rotation effects.
The model blends winds from two critical pressure levels — 850 hPa (lower troposphere) and 250 hPa (upper troposphere) — weighted toward the lower level where most of a tropical cyclone's mass resides. It also incorporates a background component associated with beta drift, which arises from the variation of the Coriolis force with latitude.
Each pink trajectory represents a storm initialized from a grid cell where all five environmental thresholds were favorable: high CAPE, low vertical wind shear, high mid-level humidity, warm SSTs, and positive low-level vorticity. Arrows darken with time, tracing the cyclone’s evolution in 6-hour steps. These tracks can move over land given the steering winds, but in reality these storms weaken quickly when no longer over warm water. This means the tracks that move over significant would likely die out quickly and are not well represented in this model.
Hypothetical storms often drift westward and poleward, steered by large-scale tropical flow and Earth's rotation — this helps forecasters anticipate where early-stage disturbances might evolve into organized storms.
Pressure & Rainfall (hPa)
This chart shows 24-hour forecasts of surface pressure (in hPa) and precipitation (in mm) for select U.S. cities.
The data comes from the Open-Meteo API,
which sources its predictions from high-resolution numerical weather models like ICON (from the German Weather Service)
and ECMWF's IFS. These are advanced general circulation models (GCMs) that solve physical equations governing the
atmosphere — including thermodynamics, fluid motion, and radiation — to simulate and forecast future states of weather.
A sudden drop in pressure may signal the approach of a developing storm system. Increasing rainfall intensity often
tracks with tropical activity or frontal systems. These paired indicators help visualize evolving atmospheric instability and potential hazards.
NBDC Gulf Buoy Data
This data comes from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), a division of NOAA responsible for monitoring ocean
and atmospheric conditions using moored buoys, coastal stations, and drifting floats. These sensors play a vital role in
tracking tropical cyclone development by recording variables like wind speed,
barometric pressure, air & sea surface temperatures, and wave height — all of which
help determine storm structure and intensification.
A sudden drop in sea-level pressure or a spike in wind gusts can signal rapid cyclone strengthening.
Water temperature above ~26°C is a key fuel source for tropical cyclones. Wave and swell height give insight
into the storm’s reach and energy transfer across the ocean. Monitoring these in real time helps improve forecasts and early warnings.
Wind: SSW (200°), 5.8 kt | Gust: 7.8 kt
Pressure: 29.89 | Air Temp: 79.7 °F
Water Temp: 81.0 °F | Dew Point: 75.2 °F
Swell: 1.0 ft | Wind Wave: 0.7 ft
NWS U.S. Radar
The National Weather Service (NWS) collects radar data using the NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) network —
a nationwide system of over 150 high-resolution Doppler radar stations. Radar works by emitting pulses of energy
that bounce off precipitation (like raindrops, hail, or snow) and return to the radar dish. Doppler radar not only detects the
location and intensity of storms, but also their motion — by measuring shifts in frequency caused by movement of particles toward
or away from the radar site. This allows meteorologists to spot rotating storms and potential tornadoes in real time.
GOES 15-min Satellite
The GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) system is operated by NOAA
and provides continuous weather observation over the Americas. Orbiting 22,300 miles above Earth,
GOES satellites deliver high-resolution imagery every 15 minutes, helping track tropical systems, cloud formation,
and atmospheric motion in real time. The Geocolor imagery shown here combines visible and infrared data
to highlight clouds, land, and sea in a natural-looking format.
GOES Band 13 – Infrared (IR) Imagery
Band 13 (10.3 µm) is one of the most important infrared channels for tropical meteorology, measuring emitted radiation from cloud tops.
Colder colors (red, yellow) signal deep convection, where strong thunderstorms punch through the upper atmosphere.
These features often indicate the early stages of tropical cyclone formation.
Most recent GOES Band 13 image. Provided by NOAA/NESDIS/STAR.